When it comes to cleaning house, it’s tempting to enlist off-the-shelf products with ingredients like bleach and ammonia. They get the job done-but not without also doing a number on your eyes, airways, and, with enough exposure, your nervous system. Ironically, these cleaners also pollute: Disinfectants and other chemicals washing down drains now contaminate more than two-thirds of U.S. streams. Largely because of these same products, our indoor air can be up to five times more polluted than the air outside. But you don’t have to sacrifice health for a clean home. Nontoxic DIY cleaners deliver considerable power at minimal cost. “Making your own is easy,” says Annie Bond, author of “Better Basics for the Home.” “All you need is a little trust in yourself and six ingredients.” We worked with Bond to gather these easy, essential recipes, so you can start green cleaning today.
What You’ll Need
Baking soda (aka sodium bicarbonate) A deodorizer and gentle scrub; softens hard water, removes acidic stains, and polishes shiny surfaces like stainless steel without scratching.
Distilled white vinegar A deodorizer, disinfectant, mild acid, and preservative; breaks up dirt, grease, mineral deposits, mold, and soap scum.
Essential oils Aromatic plant oils; some, including eucalyptus, lavender, and tea tree, are natural disinfectants and anti-fungals. Pure essential oils can irritate eyes and skin upon contact, so handle carefully. Pregnant women should consult a health-care practitioner before using. Available from mountainroseherbs.com and natural foods stores.
Lemon A deodorizer, stain remover, and grease cutter; acts as a mild bleach when exposed to sunlight.
Olive oil A natural oil that helps to nourish and polish wood.
Plant-based liquid soap Gentle soap made with oils such as olive (“Castile soap”), palm, and coconut, rather than petroleum derivatives or animal fat. Available from natural foods stores and drbronner.com.
All-Purpose Scrub
1/2 cup baking soda
Plant-based liquid soap
1/2 of a lemon
Pour baking soda into a bowl. Add just enough liquid soap to make a creamy paste. Spread mixture on the flat side of lemon and scrub. The lemon acts as a sponge and leaves a natural citrus scent. Use a damp rag or sponge to wipe away any residue. You’ll find the paste will stay moist for a few hours.
Helpful Hint To save leftover scrub, add in a few drops of vegetable glycerin (a thick, clear syrup derived from plant oils, available from mountainroseherbs.com) and seal in a glass jar.
Window Cleaner
1/2 teaspoon Castile or plant-based liquid soap
3 tablespoons distilled white vinegar (other recipes call fro ¼ Cup – so use your desired amount)
2 cups water
Pour all ingredients into a spray bottle and shake. Spray onto window and wipe clean with newspaper or a 100 percent cotton cloth.
Helpful Hint The liquid soap included in this recipe helps remove any streak-causing wax left on the window from commercial cleaners used in the past. You can eliminate the soap after a few washings. Safety note: Always be careful to label containers of homemade cleaners intended for storage and keep them well out of the reach of children.
Floor Cleaner
1/8 cup plant-based liquid soap
1/8 cup distilled white vinegar
1 gallon water
10 drops essential oil (scent of your choice)
Mix all ingredients in a bucket and mop as usual.
Helpful Hint For ceramic and stone floors, eliminate soap (which leaves a film) and use 1/4 cup of vinegar with 1 gallon of water. Don’t use water on unsealed wood floors. Instead, combine 2 cups of vinegar with 1 tablespoon of olive or jojoba oil in a bucket. Spread a thin coat over the floor with a mop or soft cloth. Let it soak in for 20 minutes; dry mop to absorb excess liquid. Open windows to air out the vinegar smell.
Mold + Mildew Spray
2 cups distilled white vinegar
Pour vinegar into a spray bottle and spray on infected area. The smell will dissipate in a few hours (open a window to speed up the process).
Helpful Hint For areas with persistent mold problems, use tea tree oil instead of vinegar, combining 2 drops of tea tree oil with 1 cup of water in a spray bottle. A natural antiseptic and fungicide, tea tree oil costs more than vinegar but will kill most types of mold and help prevent new growth.
From MarthaStewart.com:
Vinegar is a great all-purpose cleaner; use it straight for tough jobs, or dilute it with water. Tea-tree oil is a natural fungicide and can help disinfect surfaces — mix 2 teaspoons with 2 cups water (see Tub and Tile Cleaners for more information). To whiten stained tiles or grout, use a mixture of 1/2 cup hydrogen peroxide to 1 cup water.All of these solutions can be sprayed onto a surface, allowed to dry, then wiped with a damp cloth.
For a more abrasive cleaner, apply a paste of borax and water and use a scrub brush. Always rinse well and dry. Start with the methods listed above, if appropriate for the surface (vinegar may pit marble). If these options don’t work to your satisfaction and you opt for bleach, use the smallest amount possible in a well-ventilated area, and wear gloves. Never mix bleach with other cleaning products, such as ammonia, as that can create a dangerous chemical reaction
Tub and Tile
From MarthaStewart.com:
Vinegar works well on soap scum and mineral deposits, but rinse thoroughly, as it can corrode some fixtures and etch glaze on tiles. You can also try tea tree oil — 2 drops tea tree oil with 1 cup water — in a spray bottle. A natural antiseptic and fungicide, tea tree oil costs more than vinegar but will kill most types of mold and help prevent growth; as with all concentrated oils, it should be used with caution, as it can trigger allergic reactions if it comes into contact with skin. Pregnant women should consult a doctor before using it.
To prevent mildew on tiles and grout, wipe down the shower enclosure every time you use it (wash the towel every few days). Leave the shower door or curtain partly open to encourage air flow. Clean the bathtub once a week with warm water; a mildly abrasive, nonchlorine cleaner; and a cloth or sponge. (Never use steel wool, stiff brushes, or strongly abrasive pads, which can damage the tub surface.) Bathtub rings are usually the result of oily bath products or a poorly functioning drain, so be sure to keep the drain clog-free and to scrub with a little abrasive cleaner after you use a bath oil. People with allergies or sensitivities may like commercially available steam or steam-vapor cleaners (which can be used to clean many surfaces around the house). The steam loosens grime, which you then sponge off, and it also kills bacteria and viruses.
